Put your characters under pressure by adding a time limit or a time-sensitive task. Make them race against the clock. Bonus points if they run out of time…
A hypothetical question of ethics comes up resulting in two or more of your characters debating the “right” answer. The what now? There is a runaway trolly and…
Get dragons in your story. Perhaps as a figurine or maybe real fire-breathing dragons. Bonus points if the setting is not a fantasy novel. Double Bonus points if…
Two significant characters have a serious disagreement over how to approach something. As they argue over the specifics, it slowly becomes apparent that they are both totally wrong.
Your character eats some undercooked chicken. As a result, at the critical moment they are locked in the bathroom and decidedly unavailable to take action.